摘要
湖南汨罗湘语中的量词可直接限制名词,形成量名结构。量名结构具有名词性成分的一般功能,在句中充当主语、宾语、谓语以及定语等多种句法成分。语义上,量名结构具有指称性,所指称事物存在有定、无定之分,这主要与其句法位置有关:无定的量名结构可出现在句首,有定的则不能。汨罗湘语量名结构的语法功能与南部吴、粤语如广州话大致相同,但其有定量名结构的功能没有广州话多,而无定的用法则比广州话齐全;此外,在指称性质方面也存在明显区别:汨罗湘语句首的量名结构都是无定的,而广州话则都是有定的。
Classifiers in Miluo Xiang dialect can directly restrict or modify nouns to form the classifier-noun phrases.This kind of phrase possesses the general function of the nominal elements to serve as subject,object,predicate,attribute and other syntactic constituents.Semantically,a classifier-noun phrase is referential and it can refer to both definite and indefinite things,depending on its syntactic position.The definite classifier-noun phrases cannot be at the beginning of the sentence while the indefinite ones can.The grammatical function of the classifier-noun phrases in Miluo Xiang dialect is roughly similar to Wu Chinese and Cantonese.However,the grammatical function of definite classifier-noun phrases in Miluo Xiang dialect is less than that in Cantonese while the grammatical function of indefinite classifier-noun phrases is more than that in Cantonese.What’s more,there is a distinct difference between these two dialects,that is,all the classifier-noun phrases at the beginning of the sentence in Miluo Xiang dialect are indefinite whereas those in Cantonese are definite.
作者
陈山青
CHEN Shanqing(College of Literature and Journalism,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou Hunan 412007,China)
出处
《湖南工业大学学报(社会科学版)》
2018年第2期103-109,共7页
Journal of Hunan University of Technology(Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社科基金资助项目"湘
赣语毗连地带方言语法研究"(10BYY017)
国家社科基金资助重大项目"中国境内语言语法化词库建设"(15ZDB100)
汪涵个人基金资助项目"湖南方言调查‘響應’计划"(2015)
关键词
汨罗湘语
量名结构
有定
无定
语法功能
Miluo Xiang dialect
classifier-noun phrases
definiteness
indefiniteness
grammatical function