Rethinking Sino-Burmese Relations, 1949-1954

1949—1954年中缅关系再议（英文）

Between 1949 and 1954,Sino-Burmese relations changed for the better.The U Nu government’s fear and suspicion of the People’s Republic of China meant that it planned to recognize China almost from the start.It was only after confirming the diplomatic position of other Commonwealth countries that Burma made a move,however,becoming the first non-Communist country to recognize the PRC.Not long after,relations between the two countries began to cool,partly because of geopolitical factors but mostly due to the fact that China’s revolutionary diplomacy was incommensurate with Burma’s pro-British,pro-American tendencies.After the Korean War broke out,Burma rapidly enshrined“neutralism”as the guiding principle of its diplomacy,while China began to establish ties with countries in the“Intermediate Zone.”In 1953,the two countries had the opportunity to repair their relations because of strains in the Burma-US relationship due to remnant Kuomintang forces,rising Chinese demand for Burmese rubber,and a drastic decline in the international market for Burmese rice.

1949—1954年,中缅关系实现了由疏离到改善的明显变化。由于心存疑惧,从新中国成立伊始,吴努政府就准备承认中华人民共和国。确定了英联邦国家持同样态度后,缅甸成为第一个承认新中国的非共产党国家。然而,此后一段时间内,中国的革命外交与缅甸的亲英美倾向相互抵牾,加之互为近邻的地缘政治因素的影响,两国关系处于冷淡状态。朝鲜战争爆发后,缅甸很快将"中立主义"作为外交指导原则,中国也逐步决定同"中间地带"国家发展关系。1953年,缅美因国民党残部问题交恶,中国对橡胶的需求持续上升,缅甸大米严重滞销。这一切为中缅关系的改善提供了契机。