论奥斯汀的施事话语

On Autsin's performative utterance theory

20世纪后半期,西方哲学对"语言学的转向"极其关注。奥斯汀作为日常语言学派的主要代表人物之一,开启了对言语行为理论的探索。奥斯汀的施事话语是言语行为理论确立的一个出发点,在此基础上,他把两分说与三分说联系起来,同时,言语行为理论还赋予施事话语拥有丰富的哲学意蕴。施事话语是奥斯汀提出"说话就是做事"的理论根本,该理论的提出颠覆了传统哲学对语言分析的看法和思考。通过对施事话语的提出、分类与评估进行深入挖掘,进而更好地运用语言哲学中的分析方法解决传统的哲学问题。

The linguistic turn of western philosoply was paid great attention to in the second half of the twentieth century.As the main representative of daily linguistics,Austin started the exploration of the theory of speech acts.His performative utterance was the starting point of the establishment of the theory of speech acts.Based on that,Austin correlated dichotomy with trichotomy,endowing performative utterance with philosophical implication.Performative utterance was the foundation of Austin s“do things with words”,which reversed the traditional philosophy s view and reflection on language.In this paper,we explore the formation,classification and assessment of this theony,promoting the analytical methodsin language philosophy to solve traditional philosophical problems.