从《召南·江有汜》看巴渝歌舞对中原诗歌的影响

The Effect of Bayu Music on the Poetry of Central Plains Observed from “Anabranch of Yangtze River in South Shao”

《诗经》中的"二南"是一种音乐上的分类,最初也与特定的地域相关。根据诗歌中所涉及的地名及"召南"的地理方位,可确定《召南·江有汜》采自长江上游,即巴渝地区。结合汉代以后被改编过的《巴渝舞》推断,《江有汜》的"三音步"正是巴渝音乐的重要特征之一。自西汉开始,南方巴渝歌舞及"楚辞"传入中原,不仅丰富了中原诗坛,也推动了诗歌主要样式的变革:从以"偶音步"的四言诗为主,发展到以"奇音步"的五言、七言诗为主。

The“Two South”in Book of Songs was a kind of music classification,originally associated with the specific region.According to the geographic names and the“south”involved in poetry,we could determine The Anabranch of Yangtze River in South Shao collected from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,called as the Bayu area.Observed from The Bayu Dancing,which was adapted by the successors of the Han Dynasty,the trimeter of The Anabranch of Yangtze River in South Shao was one of the important characteristics of Bayu music.Since the Former Han Dynasty,southern Bayu dancing and Poetry of Chu spread over the Central Plains,which not only enriched the poetries,but also boosted poetry style transformation.That was from the four words poetry with two beats to five or seven words with odd beats.