β折叠型自组装短肽水凝胶特性及在神经组织工程中的应用前景

The application of beta-sheet self-assembling peptide hydrogels in neural tissue engineering

背景:自组装短肽具有能够优化其三维支架的组分和结构特性,可作为新型组织工程支架材料应用于生物医药领域。目的:概述β折叠型自组装短肽的生物学特性及其在神经组织工程中的研究进展。方法:以"β折叠,自组装短肽,水凝胶,神经干细胞,神经组织工程;βsheet,self-assembling peptide,hydrogel,neural stem cell,neural tissue engineering"为检索词,检索Pub Med、CNKI、万方数据库2000至2017年发表的相关文献。结果与结论:β折叠型自组装短肽可模拟细胞外基质结构,促进神经干细胞的黏附、迁移、分化和突触发生,引导神经细胞生长和轴突连接。在神经组织工程中,自组装短肽RADA16、LDLK12、QL6及其衍生出的功能化序列已被证实具有良好的实用性。细胞培养与动物实验显示,β折叠型自组装短肽可促进干细胞的神经元分化,在神经退行性疾病、脊髓损伤、脑损伤及外周神经损伤中有很好的应用前景。

BACKGROUND:Self-assembling peptides,which allow for an optimal control over the scaffold structure and composition,are described as the innovative tissue-engineered scaffolds in the field of biological medicine.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the biological features ofβ-sheet self-assembling peptides and current research progress in the neural tissue engineering.METHODS:We took“βsheet,self-assembling peptide,hydrogel,neural stem cell,neural tissue engineering”as the key words in Chinese and English,respectively,to retrieve the related literatures(2000-2017)from PubMed,CNKI,WanFang databases based on internet search.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:β-sheet self-assembling peptide,designed to function as an engineered mimic of the extra-cellular matrix(ECM),may be used with as a medium to direct growth and axonal connection,promoting neural stem cells adhesion,migration,division,outgrowth,neurogenesis and synaptogenesis.The self-assembling peptides RADA16,LDLK12,QL6 and their functionalized sequences have been proven to be of good utility.As the excellent performance of inducing peripheral nerve regeneration,mediating spinal cord injury and attenuating neuroinflammation,β-sheet self-assembling peptides have promising applications in the neural tissue engineering.