女护士焦虑情绪和社会支持与生活质量的关系

The Association between Anxiety,Social Support and Quality of Life in Female Nurses

目的:探讨女护士焦虑情绪和社会支持与生活质量的关系。方法:采取整群抽样对上海市2所三级甲等综合医院女护士进行问卷调查,内容包括焦虑自评量表(SAS)、社会支持量表(SSRS)、生活质量量表(WHOQOL-BREF)。采用的统计方法主要为积差相关分析、多重线性回归、结构方程模型进行多因素分析。结果:焦虑得分与社会支持得分、生活质量得分均呈负相关(P<0.01)。回归结果表明焦虑、社会支持对生活质量的解释能力分别为39.7%、17.6%,中介效应检验结果表明焦虑对社会支持、生活质量的直接效应系数分别为-0.171、-0.824(P<0.01),社会支持对生活质量直接效应系数为0.455(P<0.01),焦虑通过社会支持对生活质量的间接效应系数为-0.078(P<0.01)。结论:女护士焦虑、社会支持是生活质量的影响因素,焦虑也是社会支持的影响因素。社会支持是焦虑与生活质量的中介因素,改善女护士焦虑情绪,提高社会支持,可促进女护士的生活质量。

Objective:To explore the associations between anxiety,social support,and quality of life among female nurses.Methods:A cluster sampling was conducted to investigate the female nurses in two general hospitals in Shanghai,including the self rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),the social support scale(SSRS)and the quality of life scale(WHOQOLBREF).The statistical methods adopted including product difference analysis,multiple linear regression and structural equation modeling.Results:Anxiety scores were negatively correlated with social support scores and quality of life scores(P<0.01).The regression results showed that anxiety and social support were 39.7%and 17.6%,respectively.The direct effect coefficient of anxiety to social support and quality of life was-0.171,-0.824(P<0.01),and the direct effect coefficient of social support to the quality of life was 0.455(P<0.01),and anxiety passed through the regression analysis.The indirect effect coefficient of social support on quality of life is-0.078(P<0.01).Conclusion:Anxiety and social support have significant correlations with quality of life of female nurses.Social support is an intermediary factor of anxiety and quality of life.Improving nurses′anxiety and improving social support can promote the quality of life of female nurses.