结构式心理行为干预对ADHD学龄儿注意力和多动行为的影响

Effects of Structural Psycho-behavioral Intervention on Attention and Hyperactivity Behavior in School-age Children with ADHD

目的:探讨结构式心理行为干预对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)学龄儿注意力和多动行为的影响。方法:对37例就诊的ADHD学龄儿给予结构式心理行为干预如安思定+脑电生物反馈+感觉统合训练+行为矫正,比较治疗前后父母评定量表评分、生物反馈指标及感觉综合能力发展评分。结果:治疗后患儿在多动/冲动、多动指数两项因子分较治疗前有显著下降(P<0.01),在品行障碍、学习问题、心身问题、焦虑四项因子分较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05);治疗后在本体觉、前庭觉两项因子分较治疗前有显著提高(P<0.01),触觉防御、学习能力两项因子分较治疗前明显提高(P<0.05);治疗3个月后β波、SMR节律较干预前有显著提高(P<0.05),θ波、θ/β比值均较干预前有明显下降(P<0.05)。结论:通过结构式心理行为干预能强化ADHD学龄儿感觉、认知、行为间的整合能力,提升患儿注意力及信息从获取、加工到输出的连续性和协调性,提高神经系统的稳定性,明显改善ADHD患儿注意力不集中和多动行为。

Objective:To investigate the effects of structured psychobehavioral intervention on attention and hyperactivity in schoolage children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods:37 cases of ADHD schoolage children were given structural psychobehavioral intervention,such as AlphaStim and EEG biofeedback and sensory integration training and behavior correction,and the scores of parental assessment scale,biofeedback index and sensory comprehensive ability development score before and after treatment were compared.Results:After treatment,the two factors of hyperactivity/impulsion and hyperactivity index were significantly lower than before(P<0.01).The scores of four factors in conduct disorders,learning problems,psychosomatic problems and anxiety were significantly lower than before(P<0.05).After treatment,the two factors of proprioception and vestibule perception were significantly higher than before(P<0.01).The two factors of tactile defense and learning ability were significantly higher than those before(P<0.05).After 3 months treatment,the rhythm of wave and SMR increased significantly compared with that before(P<0.05),andθwave andθ/βratios were significantly lower than those before(P<0.05).Conclusion:Structural psychobehavioral intervention can strengthen the integration of sensory,cognition,and behavior among schoolage children with ADHD,improve the continuity and coordination of attention and information acquisition,processing,and output,and improve the stability of the nervous system and significantly improved attention deficit hyperactivity and behavior in children with ADHD.