新安江—钱塘江流域水环境健康风险评价研究

Water Environmental Health Risk Assessment in Xinan River and Qiantang River

本文采用美国环境保护署推荐的水环境健康风险评价模型,对新安江—钱塘江流域水体通过饮水途径导致的人体健康风险进行评价。结果表明:水环境质量监测的11项污染物浓度均符合或优于地表水三类标准。对人体有健康风险的有毒污染物主要是化学致癌物Cr(Ⅵ);非致癌物中氨氮的健康风险最大;个人化学致癌物年总风险远大于非致癌物年总风险;2014年新安江—钱塘江流域的三都大桥断面、西区、闸口、七堡断面的水环境健康个人总年风险均超过国际辐射防护委员会推荐的标准,分别超标0.03、0.69、0.20、0.23倍,其主要原因是这些断面的Cr(Ⅵ)的风险略高。因此,加强对化学致癌物Cr(Ⅵ)的管控,是降低水环境健康风险的有效途径。

The water environmental health risk assessment model of US EPA was employed to study the potential health risks brought by drinking from the Xinan River and Qiantang River.The results showed that the concentrations of 11 pollutant were at or below the standard of national Grand 3(GB3838-2002).And in the water quality monitoring data of the river,the main hazardous pollutants that threaten human health were chemical carcinogens Cr(Ⅵ);The health risk of NH4+-N was the greatest in the non-carcinogens;The health risks of carcinogens to individuals were much higher than those of carcinogens;In 2014,the overall individual annual health risks of monitoring section of Sandudaqiao,Xiqu,Zhakou and Qipu in the river exceeded the standards 0.03,0.69,0.20 and 0.23 times respectively,which recommended by ICRP,owing to the risk of these monitoring section slightly higher.So an effective way to reduce the health risks and control discharge of Cr(Ⅵ)must be carried.