妊娠期妇女缺铁性贫血的危险因素

Risk factors for iron-deficiency anemia in pregnant women

目的探讨妊娠期妇女缺铁性贫血(IDA)的危险因素。方法选择428例妊娠期妇女,其中并发IDA 53例(贫血组),未并发IDA 375例(非贫血组)。对可能影响IDA发生的因素进行单因素分析和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析结果显示,孕妇年龄>35岁、居住在农村、文化程度较低、家庭月经济收入<3 000元、不良饮食习惯、居住新装修房屋、慢性胃肠疾病、月经初潮年龄<13岁、孕前月经持续时间>7 d、孕前月经量>100 ml/次、经产妇、初次性交年龄<18岁、初次妊娠年龄<18岁、人工流产次数≥3次、流产次数≥3次、产次≥5次、早孕期呕吐、妊娠期不合理使用药物可能与妊娠期IDA发生有关(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄>35岁、居住在农村、文化程度低、不良饮食习惯、居住新装修房屋、慢性胃肠疾病、月经初潮年龄<13岁、孕前月经量>100 ml/次、经产妇、初次妊娠年龄<18岁、人工流产次数>3次、妊娠期不合理使用药物是妊娠期IDA的独立危险因素,早孕期呕吐是其保护性因素(P<0.05)。结论年龄>35岁、居住在农村、文化程度低、不良饮食习惯、居住新装修房屋、慢性胃肠疾病、月经初潮年龄<13岁、孕前月经量>100 ml、经产妇、初次妊娠年龄<18岁、人工流产次数>3次、妊娠期不合理使用药物可增加妊娠期IDA的发生风险。

Objective To explore the risk factors for iron-deficiency anemia(IDA)in pregnant women.Methods A total of 428 pregnant women were enrolled,including 53 patients complicated with IDA(anemia group)and 375 patients without IDA(non anemia group).The factors probably influencing the incidence of IDA were assessed by univariate analysis and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis.Results The result of univariate analysis showed that age of pregnant women>35 years,living in rural area,poor education,monthly household income<3 000 yuan,bad diet habits,living in newly decorated house,chronic gastrointestinal disease,age at menarche<13 years,menstrual duration before pregnancy>7 days,menstrual volume before pregnancy>100 ml per time,multipara,age of the first sexual intercourse<18 years,age of the first pregnancy<18 years,induced artificial abortion>3 times,spontaneous abortion>3 times,birth history>5 times,vomiting in early pregnancy,and unreasonable administration of drugs during pregnancy were probably related to IDA in pregnancy(P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that age of pregnant women>35 years,living in rural area,poor education,bad diet habits,living in newly decorated house,chronic gastrointestinal disease,age at menarche<13 years,menstrual volume before pregnancy>100 ml per time,multipara,age of the first pregnancy<18 years,induced artificial abortion>3 times,and unreasonable administration of drugs during pregnancy were the independent risk factors for IDA in pregnancy(P<0.05),and vomiting in early pregnancy was the protective factor of IDA in pregnancy(P<0.05).Conclusion Age of pregnant women>35 years,living in rural area,poor education,bad diet habits,living in newly decorated house,chronic gastrointestinal disease,age at menarche<13 years,menstrual volume before pregnancy>100 ml per time,multipara,age of the first pregnancy<18 years,induced artificial abortion>3 times,and unreasonable administration of drugs during pregnancy can increase the risk of IDA in pregnancy.