主动调相方式对脉管制冷机性能的影响

Influence of active phase compressor on performance of pulse tube cryocoolers

通过实验研究了主动调相脉管制冷机的性能,采用锁相器调节主动调相压缩机(APC)的电压幅值和相位角,实现对活塞运动的调节,旨在考察APC对冷指的调相能力。当调相压缩机和主压缩机驱动电压之间的相位角,即电压相位角(调相压缩机落后主压缩机)为210°和240°时,测试了两台压缩机活塞的位移相位角为90°~130°时制冷机的性能。结果表明,不同电压相位角时,制冷机在相同的位移相位角下,其性能仍会出现差异。对比发现,主动调相方式下制冷机的最佳性能优于惯性管调相方式,当制冷量为30 W,系统输入电功减小了8.1%。最后,从相位调节及冷指与压缩机匹配两方面,解释了脉管制冷机在不同的调相方式下性能出现差异的原因,表明了APC能够替代惯性管对脉管制冷机进行调相。

The experimental performance of a pulse tube cryocooler(PTC)with an active phase compressor(APC)is presented.In order to investigate the phase shifting ability of APC,phase locked loop(PLL)was adopted to control APC’s voltage amplitude and phase between APC and main compressor(MC).When the voltage phase(APC lags MC)are 210°and 240°,performances of the cryocooler are tested under the displacement phase angle of 90°-130°.The results show that PTC with APC performs differently when the cryocooler working at different voltage phases,though displacement phase angle is the same.Comparing with PTC with inertance tube(IT),performance of PTC with APC is better.Specifically,if cooling power is 30W,input power of PTC with APC decreased 8.1%.At last,from the perspective of phase shifting and matching with compressor,the reason why PTC performs differently under different phase-shifting method is demonstrated,which indicates APC could replace IT to shift PTC’s phase.