压水堆燃料棒热力计算与(火用)分析

Thermodynamic calculation and exergy analysis of pressurized water reactor fuel rods

为了研究燃料棒核能转化为热能过程中的(火用)损,采用压水堆燃料棒稳态传热偏微分方程和热力学第一、第二定律,创新性地将(火用)分析方法与燃料棒温度场数值计算相结合,编制数值计算程序对燃料棒及传热通道进行模拟计算,并分析了核能转换为热能以及与冷却剂换热过程中温度分布、(火用)损的分布和能量的利用效率.结果表明:燃料棒(火用)损沿轴向先增大后减小,沿径向不断变大,在燃料芯块边缘处达到最大,(火用)损系数约为0.207;而对流换热过程中(火用)损主要与传热温差有关,(火用)损沿热通道先增大后减小,该过程累积(火用)损系数约为0.304.

To investigate the exergy loss of fuel rod during converting nuclear energy into thermal energy,the partial differential equations of steady heat transfer of pressurized water reactor fuel rods and the first and second laws of thermodynamics were used.The exergy analysis method was innovatively combined with the numerical calculation of temperature field.The numerical calculation program was compiled to simulate the fuel rods and heat transfer channels and analyze the temperature distribution,the exergy loss distribution and the energy utilization efficiency during converting nuclear energy into heat energy and during coolant heat transfer.The results show that the fuel rod exergy loss is increased with latter decreasing in the axial direction and increased in the radial direction with the maximum exergy loss coefficient of 0.207 at the edge of fuel core.The exergy loss in the convective heat transfer process is mainly related to the heat transfer temperature difference and increased with latter decreasing along the thermal channel with the total exergy loss coefficient of 0.304.