英国、美国与第一次台湾海峡危机

Britain,the United States and the First Taiwan Straits Crisis

在1954年底至1955年初发生的台湾海峡危机中,英国政府主张通过政治途径解决问题,积极策划所谓的"神谕"方案,力促美国改变干涉的政策,从中国沿海岛屿地区脱身。但由于英国自身实力有限,并将维护和加强英美特殊关系作为其对外政策的核心,使其对美国政府决策的制约和影响较小。不仅如此,英国领导人还多次宣扬所谓的"台湾地位未定论",并图谋制造"两个中国"。英国在台湾问题上的立场与美国并没有什么本质的不同,正是英国政府奉行的这一错误政策导致中英关系的发展长时间陷入了僵局。此次危机再次表明了英国对华政策的矛盾性和英美关系的复杂性。

During the First Taiwan Straits crisis in 1954-1955,British government opposed American military intervention and attempted to solve the issue of offshore islands through political means.The British leaders positively plotted the so-called Oracle operation,urging the United States(U.S.)to change its tough policy and withdraw its forces from the area involved in the crisis.On the other hand,the British restraints and influence on the U.S.policy-making were very limited because of the limits of its power and core foreign policy of maintaining the Anglo-American special relation.While supporting the U.S.policy publicly,the British leaders also advocated many times that the Taiwan's status remained unresolved.Britain held the same position as the U.S.on the Taiwan Question.This British government's erroneous policy resulted in a long stalemate in the development of Sino-British relation.This crisis showed again the contradiction of British policy toward China and the complexity of Anglo-American relation.