美日返还琉球群岛施政权谈判中的财政补偿问题

The Issue of Financial Compensation in the Negotiation on the Administrative Power of Ryukyu Islands Reversion between the U.S. and Japan

1969年12月2日,美日两国代表签署的《财政谅解备忘录》是美日返还琉球群岛施政权谈判进程中的秘密谅解文件。它规定,日本政府要向美国政府支付5.2亿美元财政补偿。但是,在1971年6月17日美日两国政府签署并对外公开的《美日关于琉球群岛和大东群岛协定》中,仅仅规定日本政府向美国政府支付3.2亿美元财政补偿,有意隐瞒了《财政谅解备忘录》的真相。为此,美日两国政府精心谋划应对本国国会审议的策略,相互协调应对本国国会质疑有关财政补偿问题的答辩方式。美日两国政府之所以采取双重方式处理财政补偿问题,最根本的原因在于要竭力避免佐藤荣作政府被日本国会和公众舆论指斥为"赎回冲绳"。

Memorandum of Understanding between the Minster of Finance of Japan and his counterpart of the U.S.Treasury on 2 December 1969 is a secret agreement which was signed while the administrative rights of Ryukyu Islands reversion were negotiated between the U.S.and Japan.In accordance with the provision of the memorandum,the Japanese government acknowledged an obligation to make a financial compensation of 520 million U.S.dollars to the U.S.However,in the provision of Agreement between Japan and the United States of America Concerning the Ryukyu Islands and the Daito Islands which was signed and publicized by both sides on 17 June 1971,the Japanese government should only pay 320 million U.S.dollars as the financial compensation,which intentionally hides the truth of the financial compensation mentioned in the above memorandum.Therefore,the governments of both sides deliberately made the strategy of dealing with the questions of the U.S.Congress and Japanese Diet respectively and mutually coordinated to reply to their questions concerning the financial compensation issue.The fundamental reason why the governments of the U.S.and Japan adopted a dual approach to deal with the issue of financial compensation is to strenuously prevent the Sato administration from the denouncement by the Japanese Diet and the Public of buying back Okinawa.