政府继承的内容、方式与原则新解

New Theory on the Content,Method and Principle of Government Succession

政府继承不同于国家继承。仿效1978和1983年公约来界分政府继承内容与方式的做法存在弊端。按照法律关系的不同层面与特点,政府继承可以分为法律本身(国内法与国际法)的继承、法律权利(国内权利与国际权利)的继承和法律义务(国内义务与国际义务)的继承。条约的继承应区分处分性与非处分性条约来判断;恶债不予继承是一项模糊的国际习惯并有被滥用的可能。在政府继承中,目前真正起作用的原则是全面继承原则和自由裁量原则,而不包括白板规则。在政府继承中,更高层面的自然法上"权利义务相一致"原则不应被违反。

Government succession is different from state succession.It is faulty to distinguish the two according to the 1978 and 1983 treaties.According to the levels and nature of legal relation,government succession can be divided into that of laws(domestic and international laws),of legal rights(domestic and international rights)and of legal obligations(domestic and international obligations).The succession of treaty could be divided into disposal and nondisposal treaties,with nonsuccession of evil debts as a vague international practice and being faced with possible abusion.What really work in government succession are the principles of universal succession and discretion,rather than the“clear slate”rule and as a higher nature law the principle on the consistency of rights and obligations.