分裂与缺失:《掠夺者》的镜像理论解读

Division and Loss:An Interpretation of “The Reivers” from the Perspective of the Mirror Stage Theory

威廉·福克纳的最后一部长篇小说《掠夺者》展示了作家杰出的艺术才华。小说中的人物在南方传统价值观念与资本主义工商业文明的碰撞中坚守并重构了南方传统价值观,展现了强烈的自我意识和主体意识。这种自我和主体性与拉康镜像阶段下的主体理论具有共性。家族荣耀宛如想象界的镜中之像,必将造成自我的误认和异化,却是自我发展的必经环节。儿童在社会中经历善恶冲突的考验,即经过他者确立主体在社会象征秩序中的位置。现实社会中的种族主义观念给南方人带来了精神创伤,这种创伤性内核即实在界。福克纳把对往事的回忆作为对现实生活的反映呈现出来,体现了其立足现在、探索未来的时间意识和创作宗旨。

William Faulkner’s last novel“The Reivers”exemplifies his extraordinary talent.The figures in the novel uphold and restructure the southern traditional values in the collision of southern traditional values and commercial civilization,displaying strong self-awareness and the subject consciousness,which are the essence of Jacques Lacan’s theory of mirror image.Family glory,like the mirror image in the Imaginary,is the essential process for self-development,though it leads to misrecognition and alienation.Confronted with virtues and evil,children establish their positions of the subject in the social order of the Symbolic.The southerners are haunted by the trauma of racism in society,the core of which is the Real.William Faulkner presents the reality with reminiscence,which reflects his consciousness of time as well as his writing tenets.