基于绩效评估的精准扶贫路径优化研究

Study on the Optimization of Targeted Poverty Reduction Path Based on Performance Evaluation

精准扶贫是新时代我国贫困治理的基本方略,是贫困地区和贫困人口摆脱贫困、同步建成小康社会的关键。我国精准扶贫的脱贫成效、经济绩效、社会绩效三个维度的评估结果显示:全国扶贫成效显著,脱贫攻坚任务依然艰巨,扶贫资源边际效应递减,扶贫政策未能覆盖全部农户。贫困群体个体层面的自主脱贫能力不足,政府层面的扶贫政策、主体、方式碎片化,扶贫资源瞄准偏离和绩效考核动态机制不完善是扶贫绩效弱化的重要原因。应构建整体性贫困治理模式,完善扶贫绩效动态监测和考核机制,加大贫困群体人力资本与社会资本培育等方面的优化路径,进一步提升精准扶贫绩效。

Targeted poverty reduction is the basic strategy of China′s poverty governance in the new era and it is also the key to the poor areas and the poor people to get rid of poverty and to build a well-off society in a synchronous way.The results of three dimensions assessment of poverty reduction effect,economic performance and social performance of China′s targeted poverty alleviation show that the effectiveness of poverty alleviation is remarkable,the task of poverty alleviation is still arduous,the marginal effect of poverty alleviation resources is diminishing,and the policies of poverty alleviation fail to cover all farmers.At the individual level,the independent poverty reduction ability of the poor is insufficient;at the government level,the poverty alleviation policy,subjects and ways are fragmented;the deviation of poverty alleviation resources and the poor dynamic mechanism of the performance assessment are the important reasons for the weakening of the poverty alleviation performance.For the sake of further improving the performance of targeted poverty alleviation,it is essential to improve its optimization paths which include constructing overall poverty management model,improving the dynamic monitoring and assessment mechanism of poverty alleviation performance,deepening human and social capital as well.