论明初取士经义体式的形成与特征

On the Formation and Characteristics about the Style Format of the Confucian Classics Argumentation for Selecting Talents in Early Ming Dynasty

经义试士始于宋代,到了明代则成了科举取士中最重要的文体,而在由宋到明的过程中其体式结构发生了很大的变化,尤其是明初取士经义,对明清八股文的形成有着直接的影响。明初取士之法损益宋元旧制,而取士经义体式也在探索中发展。结合明初科举取士程式的制定,通过对取士经义文体结构前后变化的分析,对明初经义体式特征有着更深刻的认识,同时对八股文的形成也会有着新的认知和理解。

The Confucian classics argumentation for selecting talents,dating back to the Song Dynasty,became the most important examination style in the Ming dynasty.Great changes took place in its style format during the period from Song dynasty to the Ming dynasty.Especially in early Ming Dynasty,the structural format of the Confucian Classics Argumentation has a direct impact on the eight-part essay in Ming and Qing dynasties.The system of selecting talents in early Ming dynasty was established by revising the systems of the Song and Yuan dynasties,while the structure of Confucian Classics Argumentation was also developed in exploration.Based on the formation of the system for selecting talents in the imperial exam in the Ming dynasty,this paper analyzes the diachronic changes in the Confucian Classics Argumentation,which will help us better understand the Confucian classics argumentation in early Ming dynasty,and will shed a light on the form of eight-part essay.