加工番茄细菌性斑点病抗性评价体系的建立及微生物防治菌剂筛选

Establishment of Resistance Evaluation System for Bacterial Spot of Processing Tomato and Screening of Biological Agents

为了建立快速有效的加工番茄细菌性斑点病抗性鉴定技术,比较喷雾法、涂抹法、叶腋针刺法、茎上针刺法和灌根法5种接种方法对番茄细菌性斑点病发病程度的影响。结果表明,喷雾法是加工番茄细菌性斑点病抗性鉴定技术的最佳接种方法,简单有效,适用于种质资源材料的抗性鉴定。采用喷雾接种法鉴定209份醋栗番茄品种的细菌性斑点病抗性,其中22份为中抗品种,57份为感病品种,130份为高感品种,未发现抗病或免疫品种。通过室内盆栽试验,评价23种微生物菌剂对加工番茄细菌性斑点病的防治效果,筛选出安全、高效的微生物菌剂2种,分别为芽孢IVF 018号、芽孢IVF 021号,预防和治疗效果分别达到100.00%、82.50%和71.25%、61.67%,预防效果明显高于治疗效果,说明田间防治应以预防为主。

In order to establish a rapid and effective technology to identify resistance to bacterial spot disease of processing tomato,this paper compared 5 innoculation methods,including spraying,smear,axillary acupuncture,acupuncture on stem,and root irrigation on tomato bacterial spot.The results showed that spraying was the best inoculation method.It was simple and effective,suitable for resistance identification on germplasm resources.A total of 209 Solanum pimpinellifolium germplasm resources were evaluated by spray inoculation method.Among them,22 materials were mid-resistant to diseases,57 were susceptible,130 were high susceptible,and no resistant or immune materials were found.By indoor pot experiment,23 kinds of biocides were evaluated for their prevention and control effect on tomato bacterial spot.There were 2 kinds of safe and efficient biological agents,namely spore IVF 018 and spore IVF 021,respectively.The preventive and curative effects on bacterial spot disease were 100.00%,82.50%and 71.25%,61.67%,respectively.And the prevention effect was obviously higher than curative effects,indicating prevention and curative in fields should take prevention first.