以史为镜戒,做“四有教师”——明清小说《歧路灯》等作品的“堕师”表现及惩戒

Taking History as a Mirror to Be a Teacher with Four Moral Merits-A Study on the Performance and Punishment of “Bad Teachers”in Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty Based on a Series of Novels Such as Forked Road

以《歧路灯》《合锦回文传》《醒世姻缘传》《官场现形记》等文学作品中的塾师为例,从不良表现、引发恶果、惩治方式等方面对明清时期的"堕师"行为做探索并以史为镜,在提倡"四有教师"的今天,给教师们提供借鉴与惩戒的史料。

Taking the teachers in private schools in Forked Road,Splendid Collection of Couplet Novels,Marriages to Awaken Common People,and the Records of Officialdom Exposure as examples,this paper explores the behaviors of“bad teacher”in Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty in terms of the bad performance,inducing disastrous results,punishment ways and other aspects.Since history is a mirror reflecting the behaviors happened in the past,teachers today should avoid making such mistakes especially under the background that the to be a teacher with four moral merits have been being advocated.