木薯种质资源在云南的形态多样性及其形态标记聚类分析

Morphological diversity and clustering analysis of cassava germplasm resources in Yunnan Province

利用形态标记对来自菲律宾、云南、海南等6个地方的50份木薯种质资源进行形态多样性及形态标记聚类分析,为木薯育种选配亲本提供参考,同时促进云南木薯种质资源研究利用和种质创新。形态多样性分析结果表明,木薯种质资源在云南的形态变异系数最大的是叶脉色,达85.5%;其次是结薯集中度,为75.76%;最小的是中间裂叶长度,为9.33%;多样性指数最大的是中间裂叶长度,为5.64;最小的是烂根情况,为2.58,平均为5.34;总体表现出较高的遗传多样性。聚类分析结果显示,遗传距离为0~1.22,平均为0.80,试验材料之间遗传多样性丰富,遗传差异大,并在欧氏距离1.00处可将50份木薯种质资源划分为6大类:第Ⅰ类包括33份材料,此类筛选出淀粉含量较高的有9份,鲜薯产量较高的8份,其中淀粉含量最高的是SC11,达36.7%,且叶片较特殊;第Ⅱ类包括12份材料,此类淀粉含量较低,鲜薯产量较高的有3份;第Ⅲ类包括2份材料,以鲜薯产量较高为主;第Ⅳ类材料F876,淀粉含量相对高,鲜薯产量最高,分别是29.78%和238.5t/hm2;第Ⅴ类材料GR024-7,鲜薯产量相对较高,达145.5t/hm2;第Ⅵ类材料为H502;亲缘关系最近的为S4和E361,其次是F556和F821,与其他种质亲缘关系较远的是F876、GR024-7和H502,且后两者间亲缘关系较近,性状相似。

Morphological diversity and clustering analysis of 50 cassava germplasm resources collected from 6 places in the Philippines country,Yunnan and Hainan provinces were analyzed with morphological markers.The results showed that among the morphological variation coefficient of cassava germplasm resources in Yunnan,vein color had the highest variation with 85.5%;the second was storage root concentration with 75.76%;the lowest was middle crack length with 9.33%.The middle of the crack length had the largest diversity index with 5.64 and the smallest one was rotten situation with 2.58.The average index was 5.34,overall showing a high genetic diversity.The results of clustering analysis showed that the genetic distance ranged from zero to 1.22,with the average of 0.80.The genetic diversity between the materials tested was rich and the genetic difference was significant.Fifty cassava germplasm resources were divided into 6 categories at Euclidean distance of 1.00.CladeⅠis consisted of 33 materials,9 of them had high starch content and 8 of them had high fresh root weight.Among them SC11 had the highest starch content of 36.7%with special leaves.CladeⅡincluded 12 materials with low starch content,3 of them had high fresh weight.CladeⅢwas made up of 2 materials mainly with high fresh root weight.CladeⅣmaterial F876 had higher starch content of 29.78%and highest fresh root yield of 238.5 t/hm 2.CladeⅤmaterial GR024-7 had higher fresh root yield of 145.5 t/hm 2.CladeⅥwas material H502.The genetic relationship was the closest between S4 and E361,followed by F556 and F821.F876,GR024 and H502 were far from other germplasm,although GR024 and H502 had close genetic relationship and similar characters.It will provide the reference for selecting cassava breeding parent and promoting the utilization/innovation of cassava germplasm resources in Yunnan Province.