南丰蜜橘夏季省力化修剪对秋梢形成、成花和坐果的影响

Effects of labor-saving pruning in summer on autumn shoot formation,flowering and fruit setting in Nanfeng tangerine

用园艺大平剪和长柄圆锯型修剪机械对南丰蜜橘进行夏季修剪,分别测量剪口直径、剪口下秋梢的数量、长度和基部直径,统计每个秋梢的花量及坐果量,探讨2种省力化夏季修剪方式对南丰蜜橘不同剪口下所抽生秋梢结果母枝的成花和坐果的影响。结果表明:2种修剪所抽生长度≤25cm的秋梢在90%以上;机械修剪所抽生的秋梢平均长度、基部直径在不同剪口直径之间无显著差异,但均显著大于大平剪;所抽发秋梢的成花能力和坐果量在各剪口之间差异不明显,但是成花能力显著低于大平剪,而坐果能力与大平剪无显著差异。综上,南丰蜜橘夏季2种修剪方式都能实现省力化,但机械修剪的效果在不同剪口间差异不明显,说明夏季修剪时基本上不需要考虑枝条大小,可以成为一种傻瓜式修剪法,方便果农掌握。

Nanfeng tangerine(Citrus reticulata cv.Kinokuni)trees were pruned by long handle circular sawing machine and hedge shear in summer to investigate the effects of pruning methods on the flowering and fruit setting of autumn shoot under the different cut in Nanfeng tangerine.The cut diameter,the number of autumn shoot under each cut,the length and basal diameter of autumn shoot,the number of flower or fruit on each autumn fruit-bearing shoot at the time of flowering and stable fruit setting in the next year was measured.The results showed that two autumn shoot with length less than 25 cm produced by two pruning methods was more than 90 percent.In mechanical pruning,the average length and basal diameter of autumn shoot had no significant difference between different cutting diameters,but were higher than those by hedge shear.The ability of flower bud formation and fruit setting on the autumn shoot had no obvious difference between different cutting diameter,however,the ability of flower bud formation were significantly lower than that in hedge shear.The ability of fruit setting on the autumn shoot had no significant difference with that in hedge shear.It is indicated that the two pruning methods can save labor usage in the summer pruning operation in Nanfeng tangerine.The effects under the different cuts in mechanical pruning was not significantly different,indicating that there is no need to take the size of shoot into account in summer pruning.It will be a fool type pruning and convenient for farmers to learn.