孕期规范化综合营养干预对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇妊娠结局的改善作用

Effect of Standardized Comprehensive Nutrition Intervention on Pregnancy Outcome of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的:观察妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的妊娠结局,探讨规范化综合营养干预对改善妊娠期糖尿病孕妇妊娠结局的临床意义。方法:选取326例确诊为妊娠期糖尿病的患者,按就诊先后顺序,将其分为观察组和干预组,每组163例。观察组患者定期门诊产检,干预组患者孕期给予规范化综合营养干预,比较两组产妇营养干预前后体重指数,观察两组产妇剖宫产率、早产率、巨大儿发生率、胎儿窘迫发生率、产后出血发生率及产褥感染发生率。结果:观察组产妇的体重指数(BMI)明显高于干预组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组产妇剖宫产率、早产率、巨大胎儿发生率明显高于干预组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组产妇胎儿窘迫发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组产妇产后出血、产褥感染发生率高于干预组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:规范化综合营养干预能够指导产妇在孕期合理饮食,保持良好的体重指数,并能够降低产妇剖宫产、早产率,降低巨大儿、胎儿窘迫发生率,并能够减少产后出血的发生率,减少产褥感染,对促进孕期母婴健康具有重要意义。

【Objective】To discusse the clinical significance of standardized comprehensive nutrition intervention to improve pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with GDM by observing the pregnancy outcome.【Method】A total of 326 patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes were selected and divided into observation group and intervention group.Observation group of patients regularly outpatient prenatal,intervention group patients were given standardized comprehensive nutrition intervention during pregnancy,compared two groups of maternal nutrition BMI,maternal cesarean delivery rate,premature birth incidence rate,incidence of macrosomia,fetal distress,the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage and incidence of puerperal infection.【Result】BMI of the observation group was significantly higher than that in the intervention group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The rate of cesarean section,preterm birth rate and large fetal incidence were significantly higher in the observation group than in the intervention group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of fetal distress between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage and puerperal infection of the intervention group were higher than the intervention group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Standardized comprehensive nutrition intervention can guide the maternal diet during pregnancy,maintain better BMI,reduce maternal cesarean section,premature birth rate,reduce the incidence of macrosomia,the fetal distress,and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage,reduce the puerperal infection,it is of great significance to promote prenatal maternal and child health.