马克思主义公平观视角下的专利权保护

Patent Protection from the Perspective of Marxism Fairness View

专利权保护的目的在于平衡发明创造人、专利利用人以及社会公众的利益,但我国现行专利制度存在重资本轻劳动、忽视二次创造的权益以及在权利救济过程中利益失衡等弊端。马克思及其经典作家从社会实践出发,提出了具有历史性、现实性、具体性等特点的公平观,能够弥补洛克劳动理论、黑格尔人格思想的缺陷。在马克思主义公平观的视角下,通过回归"按劳分配"的原始财产分配规则,拓宽二次创造的权益以及完善"侵权不停止"的救济规则,能够解决专利权保护的困境。

The protection of patent rights aims at balancing the interests of inventive minds,patent users and the public,but there exists the weakness of having a bias towards capital rather than labor,neglecting the reinvention’s rights,and losing the interests balance in the process of rights relief in the present patent system of China.Marx and other classic Marxism writers put forward the view of fairness with the characteristics of history,reality and concreteness from social practice,which could cover the shortage of Locke’s labor theory and Hegel’s personality thought.From the perspective of Marxism fairness view,we could solve the dilemma of patent protection by returning to the original property distribution rules of“distribution according to work”,broadening the rights and interests of the reinvention,and perfecting the relief rule of“non-cessation of patent infringement”.