珠海市近海水下地形冲淤演变分析

Analysis for Erosion-accretion Changes of Underwater Terrain in Zhuhai

为研究珠海市海域地形演变,基于2005~2014年海图资料提取了两期水深点和等深线,对比选取最优插值方法,构建珠海市海域水下地形变化图,分析研究区的冲淤变化。结果表明:(1)2005~2014年珠海市海域的0m和2m等深线比10m等深线变化剧烈,变化集中在近岸区域,说明人类改造活动占主导地位;(2)经不同区域冲淤统计和代表性断面分析可得,9年间海底淤积量大于冲刷量,淤积区域集中在澳门港至淇澳岛附近,港珠澳大桥建设为主导因素;冲刷区域集中在崖门水道、进海航道和高栏港附近,港口清淤及航道疏浚为主导因素。

Combining digitized navigational charts with the method of optimal interpolation,this paper builts two periods underwater topographic models for analyzing the underwater terrain evolution of Zhuhai.The results showed that:①In general,the 0m-isobath and 2m-isobath expands to the sea seriously from 2005 to 2014,and human transformation activities dominated migration.By the analysis of representative sections,the deposited area is bigger than erosion area in past 9 years.The deposition area mainly occurs in Macao harbor and Qi'ao island.The construction of the Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge is the main factor for deposition.The erosion areas mainly occurs in Yamen waterway and Gaolan Port.The construction of port dredging is the main factor for erosion.