长柱塞类工件表面激光加工系统的设计与研究

Design and Study of Surface Laser Processing System of Piston Type Workpiece

根据仿生学原理,利用蛇可以在各种环境爬行的特点,对蛇皮的纹路进行研究,设计出一种加工系统,对长柱塞类工件表面进行复杂图形加工,并进行漏失量的检测。由于数控铣床难以完成在柱塞类工件表面加工复杂图形,而加工中心加工这些零件成本太高的问题,提出柱塞类等曲面工件激光加工系统。采用了激光旋转拼接加工方式,克服了传统机械加工的弊端,设备简单,可以在工件表面加工各种图形;机械机构、控制系统均实现了模块化,便于安装、拆卸、搬运以及变换加工形式。采用旋转伺服电机与伺服电机平移导轨实现工件的旋转和激光系统的平移。激光器升降装置调节聚焦系统与工件表面的距离,保证焦点处于加工的工件表面。这种旋转拼接加工方式可以实现大型复杂图案的拼接加工以及在微织构加工等多领域的应用。

According to the bionics principle,through using the feature of snakes can crawl in various environments,and studying on the grain of snake skin,designing a processing system to process complex graphics on the surface of long plunger type,and detecting leakage loss.For numerically-controlled milling machine,it is difficult to complete the complex graphics on the surface of the cylinder,and the machining center processes the cost of these parts too high.In order to solve these problems,the laser machining system of surface workpiece is presented.The system uses laser rotation and splicing and overcomes the disadvantages of traditional machine processing,the equipment is simple and can process various shapes on the workpiece surface.The mechanical mechanism and control system are modularized to facilitate installation,disassembly,handling and transformation.The system uses rotating servo motor and servo motor to realize the rotation of the workpiece and the translation of the laser system.The laser lifting device controls the distance from the mirror to the surface of the workpiece,ensuring that the focus is always on the surface of the workpiece.This kind of rotating splicing process can realize the application of large and complex patterns and the application of micro texture processing and so on.