2017年湖南省永州市活禽市场禽流感污染状况调查

Investigation on Contamination Status of Avian Influenza in Live Poultry Markets in Yongzhou City of Hunan Province in 2017

为了解湖南省永州市活禽市场禽流感病毒污染状况,2017年4—12月,永州市动物疫病预防控制中心在冷水滩区采集571份家禽和环境样品,进行了H5、H7亚型禽流感病毒核酸实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测。结果显示:571份样品中,检出H5亚型禽流感病毒核酸阳性样品44份,阳性检出率为7.7%,未检出H7亚型禽流感病毒阳性样品;除5月份外,每月都能监测到阳性样品,且冬季阳性检出率明显偏高;活禽在摊位中停留时间越长,禽流感病毒阳性率越高;鸭源样品和污水样品中的禽流感病毒检出率最高,城乡农贸市场的病毒阳性检出率高于城区活禽交易市场。调查结果表明,活禽市场中的H5亚型禽流感病毒污染率较高,尤其是水禽和污水以及卫生条件较差的市场。因此,要严把市场休市清洗消毒关,提升市场环境卫生水平,严格活禽调运检疫和监管,禁止陆禽和水禽混合销售。

During April to December,2017,an investigation towards the pollution status of Avian influenza virus(AIV)in live poultry markets in Yongzhou City of Hunan Province was carried out by Yongzhou Animal Prevention and Control Center.A total of 571 samples were collected for real-time quantitative RT-PCR detection of H5 and H7 subtype AIV.The results showed that among the 571 samples,44 samples were found nucleic acids of H5 subtype AIV,the positive rate was 7.7%,and no nucleic acids of H7 subtype was detected.Except for May,positive samples could be detected every month,the positive rate in winter was significantly higher.The longer time the live poultry stayed in the stalls,the higher virus positive rate was got.In addition,the positive rates of AIV in duck samples and polluted water were the highest,and the positive rate in rural-urban fringe markets was higher than that in urban markets.The results of the survey showed that,the pollution rate of H5 subtype was relatively high in live poultry markets,especially in the markets that traded waterfowls or had poor hygiene conditions.Therefore,the markets should be cleaned,disinfected and closed on a regular basis,the sanitary conditions of the markets should be improved,the quarantine and supervision towards transported live poultry should be strictly performed,and mixed sales of landfowls and waterfowls should also be strictly forbidden.