股骨干骨折患者围手术期发生下肢深静脉血栓的危险因素

Study on the risk factors of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity of patients with femoral shaft fracture at perioperative period

目的:探讨股骨干骨折患者围手术期发生下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的危险因素。方法:收治股骨干骨折患者237例,分析围手术期发生下肢DVT的危险因素。结果:237例患者中,围手术期发生下肢DVT 54例,发生率22.78%。单因素分析结果显示高龄、男性、高处坠落伤、多发骨折、合并血管损伤、APTT水平降低、D-D二聚体水平升高是下肢DVT形成的危险因素;多因素Logistic回归分析表明高龄、高处坠落伤、APTT水平降低、D-D二聚体升高是股骨干骨折患者发生围手术期DVT的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:股骨干骨折患者围手术期下肢DVT发生率较高,高龄、高处坠落伤、APTT水平降低、D-D二聚体升高是围手术期发生下肢深静脉血栓的独立危险因素,临床中对高危因素患者应采取严格预防措施,警惕下肢DVT发生。

Objective:To explore the risk factors of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity(DVT)of patients with femoral shaft fracture at perioperative period.Methods:237 patients with femoral shaft fracture were selected.We analyzed the risk factors for the occurrence of DVT in the lower extremity during the perioperative period.Results:In 237 patients,54 cases had DVT in the lower extremity during the perioperative period,the incidence was 22.78%.Univariate analysis showed that age,male,high fall injury,multiple fractures,combined vascular injury,decreased APTT level and elevated D-D two dimer were the influencing factors of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity.Multiple factors Logistic regression analysis showed that high age and high fall injury,lower APTT level and elevated D-D two polymer were independent risk factors of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity of patients with femoral shaft fracture at perioperative period(P<0.05).Conclusion:The incidence of DVT in the lower extremities of patients with femoral shaft fracture at perioperative period was higher,high age and high fall injury,lower APTT level and elevated D-D two polymer were independent risk factors of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity at perioperative period.For patients with high risk factors,we should take strict precautions to guard against the occurrence of DVT in the lower extremities.