南宁市武鸣区2015年不同胎龄早产儿听力筛查结果分析

Analysis of hearing screening results of different gestational age preterm infants in Wuming District of Nanning City in 2015

目的:分析该地区早产儿听力筛查结果,探讨不同胎龄对早产儿听力的影响。方法:将382例早产儿按胎龄分为28~31周、32~33周、34~36周3组,采用瞬态耳声发射技术(TEOAE)进行听力初筛,初筛未通过者于矫正胎龄1个月左右进行TEOAE复筛,TEOAE复筛未通过者增加自动听性脑干诱发电位(AABR)复筛,以AABR复筛结果为准,未通过者于矫正胎龄3个月左右转诊至有诊断资质的医院进行听力诊断。结果:382例早产儿,初筛未通过率22.77%,复筛未通过率5.76%,听力障碍发生率3.66%。胎龄越小,听力筛查通过率越低,听力障碍发生率越高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:早产儿听力障碍发生率高,应加强产前保健管理,预防早产发生。同时加强早产儿听力筛查工作,及早发现听力障碍,及早干预,以减少聋哑发生。

Objective:To analyze the results of hearing screening in premature infants in this area and to explore the effect of different gestational ages on the hearing of premature infants.Methods:382 cases of preterm infants were divided into 3 groups of from 28 to 31 weeks,32 to 33 weeks,34 to 36 weeks according to the gestational age.The transient otoacoustic emission(TEOAE)technique was used for initial hearing screening.The children with failed initial hearing screening accepted TEOAE rescreening at about 1 month of orthodontic gestational age.The children with failed TEOAE rescreening accepted automatic auditory brainstem evoked potential(AABR)rescreening,AABR rescreening results were as the criterion,and the non-passed persons were transferred to a hospital with a diagnostic qualification for hearing diagnosis at about 3 months of orthodontic gestational age.Results:Among 382 preterm infants,the rate of failed initial screening was 22.77%,the rate of failed rescreening was 5.76%,and the incidence of hearing impairment was 3.66%.The smaller the gestational age,the lower the hearing screening rate,the higher the incidence of hearing impairment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:The incidence of hearing impairment in preterm infants was high.We should strengthen the management of antenatal care and prevent the occurrence of premature delivery.At the same time,we should strengthen the hearing screening work of preterm infants,find hearing impairment early and intervene early to reduce the occurrence of deaf mute.