高粱-豆粕型日粮添加复合蛋白酶对仔猪生长性能、养分利用率及粪中细菌组分的影响

Effects of supplementation of compound proteases on growth performance,nutrient utilization and fecal bacteria in pigs fed with sorghum-soybean meal basal diets

为研究高粱-豆粕型日粮添加复合蛋白酶对仔猪生长性能、养分利用率、氮利用率及细菌组分的影响。试验选取健康、体重一致[(23.12±1.05 kg)]的杜×长×大断奶仔猪120头,采用完全随机设计分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复10头。对照组饲喂50%高粱替代玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,复合蛋白酶组饲喂高粱-豆粕型日粮+200 mg/kg复合蛋白酶,试验共进行10周。结果显示:日粮添加复合蛋白酶对仔猪各阶段平均日增重、平均日采食量和末重均无显著影响(P>0.05);与对照组相比,复合蛋白酶组显著降低1~35 d仔猪料重比(P<0.05),较对照组显著降低了1.84%(P<0.05)。对照组与复合蛋白酶组对仔猪生长前期(1~35 d)干物质、有机物、总能及粗蛋白质利用率无显著影响(P>0.05);复合蛋白酶组较对照组显著提高了仔猪生长后期(36~70 d)干物质、有机物、总能和粗蛋白质利用率(P<0.05)。日粮添加复合蛋白酶对仔猪氮摄入量的影响无显著差异(P>0.05),但显著降低粪氮和尿氮的排泄量(P<0.05)。各组对仔猪粪中双歧杆菌和梭状芽胞杆菌的数量影响不显著(P>0.05),但复合蛋白酶组粪中乳酸杆菌和粪肠球菌的数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结果表明:在本试验条件下,高粱-豆粕型日粮中添加复合蛋白酶可以提高仔猪生长前期的饲料利用率,同时显著提高氮的利用率和沉积率,降低粪氮和尿氮的排泄量。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementation of compound proteases on growth performance,nutrient utilization,nitrogen digestibility of pigs fed with sorghum-soybean meal basal diets.One hundred and twenty Duroc×Yorkshire×Landrace pigs were randomly allotted to 2 groups with 6 replicates of 10 pigs.The control diet was 50%sorghum substitution of corn soybean meal,the compound proteases group diet was supplementation of 200 mg/kg proteases in sorghum-soybean meal and the trial last 10 weeks.The results were shown that supplementation of compound proteases had no significantly effects on average daily feed intake,average daily gain and final body weight(P>0.05);compared with the control group,the compound protease group had lower feed gain ratio for pigs(1~35 d)(P<0.05).There were no significant effects on digestibility of dry matter,organic matter,gross energy and crude protein(P>0.05)in the first stage(1~35 d)between the two groups,while pigs(36~70 d)fed diets addition of 200 mg/kg compound protease had higher digestibility of dry matter,organic matter,gross energy and crude protein than those fed with the control diets(P<0.05).There were no significant effects on nitrogen intake between the control and compound protease groups(P>0.05),while the compound proteases group significantly decreased the fecal and urine nitrogen excreted(P<0.05).Supplementation of compound protease had no significant effect on the composition of Clostridium and Bifidobacterium compared with the control group(P>0.05),while had higher composition of fecal Lactobacillus and Enterococcus(P<0.05).In conclusion,the compound proteases could improve nitrogen utilization efficiency by decreasing fecal and urine nitrogen excretion to the environment for growing pigs fed sorghum soybean meal based diets.