胸腔镜手术中肺萎陷的原因及评定方法的研究进展

Research Progress of the Causes and Evaluation Methods of Lung Collapse in Thoracoscopic Surgery

肺萎陷是指原已布满空气的肺组织因空气的丧失而导致肺泡塌陷关闭的状态。肺萎陷的形成原因尚未完全清楚,很可能是多种因素相互作用的结果,肺萎陷的评定方法包括影像学方法和术中主观评价方法。与传统开胸手术相比,胸腔镜手术可操作范围更小,麻醉的关键是患侧肺充分萎陷,使术野充分暴露满足胸腔镜手术操作的需求,因此肺萎陷对于胸腔镜手术十分重要。肺萎陷的原因及机制以及近年来肺萎陷的评定方法是描述的重点,而术中如何客观可行且简便地评价肺萎陷程度仍是未来需要研究的重点。

Lung collapse refers to the collapses of alveoli caused by the loss of air in lung tissue that has been filled with air.The cause of lung collapse is not yet fully understood,which is probably a result of the interaction of multiple factors.The assessment of lung collapse includes imaging methods and intraoperative subjective evaluation methods.Compar ed with the traditional thoracic surgery,thoracoscopic surgery operating space is smaller,and the key of anesthesia is that the nondependent lung is collapsed completely,so that the operative field is fully exposed to meet the needs of thoracoscopic surgical operations.Here is mainly to describe the main causes of pulmonary collapse and introduce the recent research status of the assessment methods of lung collapse.How to objectively evaluate the degree of lung collapse in an intraoperative manner is still the focus of future research.