石化企业挥发性有机物与环境空气中臭氧、二次有机气溶胶关系分析

Relationship analysis between VOCs from petrochemical enterprise and O_3,SOA in the air

近年来,挥发性有机物(VOCs)对于我国环境空气质量的影响成为人们关注的热点问题之一,但针对石化企业VOCs排放组分及不同组分对周边环境空气如何产生影响的研究却少有报道。本文以我国某典型石化企业为研究对象,在其正常工况运行条件下,在其厂界周围选取5个监测点位,开展了7天的VOCs采样与监测工作。通过对采集VOCs样品的定性定量分析表明,本次研究中检测出的VOCs的浓度范围为11.5~148.8μg/m^3,VOCs组分种类主要为烷烃、烯烃和芳香烃,其中烷烃占60%以上,是该石化企业排放VOCs的主要组分。进一步通过对VOCs各组分的臭氧(O_3)及二次有机气溶胶(SOA)的生成潜势进行估算,结果表明:烯烃是该石化企业排放的VOCs组分中对O_3贡献的关键前体物质,贡献率为50%~70%左右;芳香烃是SOA的主要前体物质,贡献率达80%以上,VOCs全部组分对SOA的贡献量为2.5046μg/m^3。本研究对石化企业VOCs的防控具有一定借鉴意义。

Recently,the influence of air quality from volatile organic compounds(VOCs)is one of the people’s concerning topics.However,the researches of constituents and the influences on ambient air of VOCs from petrochemical enterprise are very less.In this paper,a typical petrochemical enterprise in China was selected and five monitoring sites were arranged at their boundaries.Under the normal process conditions,the VOCs samples were collected and analyzed for seven days.The qualitative and quantitative results indicated that the concentration of VOCs was in the range of 11.5-148.8μg/m3,including alkanes,olefins,and aromatics.The alkanes occupied for more than 60%,which were the main components of VOCs.Furthermore,by the estimation of generation potentials of ozone and secondary organic aerosol(SOA)from different VOCs constituents,the results indicated that olefins in VOCs were the key ozone precursors,and the contribution rate was about 50%-70%.Aromatics in VOCs were the main precursors to SOA and the contribution rate was more than 80%.The contribution rate of VOCs was 2.5046μg/m3.By this study,there are some values to the prevention and control of VOCs from petrochemical enterprise.