高速铁路救援起重机多支撑机构力学解算研究

Mechanical solution of the multi-braced structure of wreck crane for high speed railway

为降低普通铁路救援起重机单支腿的承载力,改善支腿系统的均载特性以便满足高架桥环境下的高铁救援作业要求,提出了一种铁路救援起重机多支撑系统,即在原有起重机4支腿支撑的基础上引入4条辅助支腿,并且使轮轨同时承担载荷。首先基于结构力学空间高次超静定求解原理,对多支撑系统进行了力学解算得到其解析模型;然后用Matlab软件对解析模型编程计算了两种起重载荷工况下起重臂回转一周各支腿的受力情况;最后在同样的工况下使用ANSYS和ADAMS软件对该多支撑系统进行了刚柔耦合仿真模拟起重臂回转一周,仿真结果与计算结果趋势基本一致,从而验证了解析模型的正确性。研究结果表明:解析模型能够为后续高速铁路救援起重机下车部分支撑机构的设计和优化提供可靠的依据。

In order to lighten the load of single leg and improve the load sharing performance of the ordinary railway wreck crane without the capacity of rescue on the high speed railway,multi-braced structure of wreck crane-having 4 more legs than usual crane and bearing the load by the wheel and rail-for high speed railway was proposed.Firstly,the analytical model of the reaction forces of outriggers was established based on the principle of solving indeterminate structure with high degrees.Then,the analytical model was calculated by the software of Matlab under the two working conditions of the crane boom turning 360 degrees with two different load.At last,the rigid-flexible coupling simulation for multi-braced structure was computed by the cooperation of software ANSYS and ADAMS under the same working conditions.The simulation result and the calculation result are basically coincident.The research result show that the analytical model can direct the optimization design of multi-braced structure.