穿龙薯蓣叶部形态多样性及其与光合产物的关系

Leaves Morphological Diversity and Its Relationship to Photosynthate Content of Discorea nipponica Makino

为了探讨穿龙薯蓣叶部形态与有效成分之间的关系,以山西省2个种源地的穿龙薯蓣为研究对象,分析该种叶部的形态多样性,测定不同形态叶片的叶绿素与光合产物含量,研究叶部形态与叶绿素及光合产物含量之间的关系。结果表明,穿龙薯蓣是一个叶形态多型性的种。穿龙薯蓣存在长叶型与宽叶型2种类型,其中,长叶型占80%以上;叶色有深绿色与浅绿色的明显区分,深绿色叶片多为厚纸质,浅绿色叶片多为薄纸质,叶2~6裂,叶张角间于40°~70°。2个种源地之间的叶形态差异不显著,但叶部各形态指标间相关性明显。叶型与叶绿素、光合产物含量相关性不显著;叶色与叶绿素、光合产物含量相关性显著,深绿色叶片叶绿素含量与光合产物含量的均值均高于浅绿色叶片;5裂和2裂的叶片叶绿素含量较高;2裂的叶片光合产物含量较高;叶张角与叶片内可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、淀粉、还原糖含量相关性显著,含量的整体变化趋势是:随叶张角的增大,光合产物含量增加。穿龙薯蓣筛选种质资源时,可首选叶片深绿色、叶裂为2裂、叶张角大的植株。研究结果可为穿龙薯蓣的良种选育工作提供基础资料。

To explore the relationship between leaf morphology and effective components of Discorea nipponica Makino,we carried out the study about its leaf morphology diversity characteristics,chlorophyll contents and photosynthate contents of two provenances of this species in Shanxi Province.On this basis,the relationship between leaf morphology,chlorophyll content and photosynthate content was analyzed.The results showed that Discorea nipponica Makino was a species with polymorphism leaf morphology.Two leaf types of Discorea nipponica Makino were found.There were both long leaf type and broad leaf type,the former accounted for more than 80%;The leaves were clearly distinguished as dark green and light green.The dark green leaves were mostly thick paper,and the light green leaves were mostly thin paper;The leaves were 2-6 cracks,and leaf angle was between 40°-70°.The leaves morphology showed no significant difference between the two provenances,but the leaves morphological indexes were closely related.There was no significant correlation between leaf type and chlorophyll,photosynthate content.The relationship between leaf color and chlorophyll,photosynthate content was significant.The average values of chlorophyll content and photosynthate content in dark green leaves were higher than those in light green leaves.The chlorophyll content of leaves with 5 cracks and 2 cracks is higher.The content of photosynthate in leaves with 2 cracks was higher.The relationship between leaf angle and leaf soluble protein,soluble sugar,starch,reducing sugar content was significant.The overall change trend of content was as follows:With the increase of leaf angle,photosynthate content increased.In the course of screening high-quality resources of Discorea nipponica Makino,the plants of dark green,2 cracks,larger angle leaves could be preferred selected.This study could provide basic information for breeding of Discorea nipponica Makino.