大规模环境侵权救济思维的重塑

Remodeling of Relief Thinking of Large-scale Environmental Torts

大规模环境侵权受害者多而散,损害认定复杂,救济难度大。通过解读大规模环境侵权救济制度的价值理念、反思传统侵权救济思维,基于侵权赔偿制度供给不足、补偿性赔偿功能受限、诉讼制度实效困境和公共政策考量限度等依据,认为应推行大规模环境侵权责任保险,引入惩罚性赔偿责任制度,设立公益诉讼专项基金,规范政府的适度介入,以及时保护受害人权益、保障他人安全、维护社会秩序。

There shall have numerous and scattered victims,complicated identification of damage and high relief difficulty in large-scale environmental torts.With the values of large-scale environmental torts relief system and the reflection on traditional remedies for tort,the article find some factors such as the insufficiency and the limited function of tort compensation and the limitation of public policy considerations.It is necessary to implement large-scale environmental tort liability insurance,introduce punitive damages system,regulate the moderate intervention of the government and to set up special fund for public interest litigation in order to protect the rights and interests of the victims and the safety of others and maintain social order in a timely and effective manner.