黄绿苗辣椒生态型不育系的温敏性分析及杂交种子纯度鉴定

Temperature sensibility analysis and hybrid seed purity identification of pepper yellow-green seedling mutant ecotype sterile line

【目的】分析黄绿苗辣椒生态型不育系YBM-EAB12的温敏特性,为黄绿苗辣椒温敏特异资源的开发利用提供参考依据。【方法】将辣椒材料YBM-A2、YBM-EAB12、YBM-A2×C和YBM-EAB12×C分别进行日温/夜温为20℃/15℃、25℃/20℃和30℃/25℃诱导后置于温室种植管理,观测各材料花粉的数量及萌发率,并进行各亲本育性和形态学鉴定及种子纯度鉴定。【结果】YBM-EAB12具有温敏特性,育性转化临界温度为22.5℃,在低温(日均温度低于22.5℃)条件下表现可育,可自交结实,日均温度越低其可育程度越高,在高温(日温/夜温为30℃/25℃)条件下表现完全不育。YBM-EAB12黄叶色性状受1对隐性核基因控制。YBM-EAB12×C F2代群体分离结果表明,胞质雄性不育与不育花器官特征紧密连锁,YBM-EAB12×C F1代育性由单一核显性基因恢复,不受低温影响。【结论】黄绿苗辣椒生态型不育系具有低温可育特性,利用其进行不育系繁种,可减少不育系与保持系杂交的步骤及辣椒不育系三系制种步骤,简化繁制种子程序。

【Objective】Temperature sensibility of yellow-green pepper mutant ecotype sterile line YBM-EAB12 were analyzed to provide reference for the resources exploitation and utilization of thermo-sensitive characters of yellowgreen pepper.【Method】The pepper materials YBM-A2,YBM-EAB12,YBM-A2×C and YBM-EAB12×C were respectively induced under the temperature conditions where day temperature/night temperature were 20℃/15℃,25℃/20℃and 30℃/25℃.Then the pepper materials were planted and managed in the greenhouse.The pollen quantities and pollen germination rates of pepper materials were observed;fertility of parents was researched.Morphological identification and seed purity identification were also conducted.【Result】YBM-EAB12 enjoyed temperature sensibility.The critical temperature of fertility transformation for YBM-EAB12 was 22.5℃.Under low temperature conditions(daily average temperature was below 22.5℃),YBM-EAB12 was fertile and self-fertile.The lower daily average temperature,the higher fertility.But under high temperature conditions(day temperature/night temperature was 30℃/25℃),YBM-EAB12 was completely sterile.The trait of yellow leaf were controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear gene.According to YBM-EAB12×C F2 population segregation results,cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS)was tightly linked to the organ characteristics of sterile flower.The fertility of YBM-EAB12×C F1 was restored by mononuclear dominant gene and was not affected by low temperature.【Conclusion】Pepper yellow-green seedling ecotype sterile line has the characteristic of fertility under low temperature.Breeding the sterile line with pepper yellow-green seedling ecotype sterile line can reduce the step of hybridization between sterile line and maintainer line,reduce seed production step of third-line breeding in pepper sterility lines.It simplifies seed production procedure.