重庆丘陵山区家庭农场主扩大经营决策影响因素的实证分析

Factors influencing decision by family farmers to expand operation in hilly areas in Chongqing: An empirical study

【目的】分析重庆丘陵山区家庭农场主扩大经营决策的影响因素,为制定丘陵山区家庭农场发展政策提供理论依据。【方法】基于重庆268份调研样本数据,对家庭农场主扩大经营行为情况构建二元选择Logit模型,定量分析家庭农场主扩大经营决策的影响因素。【结果】在个体特征中,家庭农场主的文化程度对其扩大经营具有显著正向影响(P<0.05,下同),年龄对其扩大经营具有一定的抑制作用;在家庭特征中,子女学历程度对其扩大经营具有极显著正向促进作用(P<0.01,下同),而家庭融资困难程度和劳动力雇佣成本对其扩大经营分别具有极显著和显著抑制作用;在外部社会环境中,接受农业服务化组织程度、政策性补贴强度、参与生态环保意识及农业保险意识等因素对其扩大经营具有极显著正向促进作用。【建议】创新家庭农场主职业素养培养模式,采用"一点两线、全程分段"模式,提升其自身职业素养;通过转方式和调结构,重视生态经营,转变家庭农场生产方式,构建农产品生产安全诚信制度,引导家庭农场质量发展;建立健全扶持政策,降低融资成本;提高农业保险意识,降低生产风险;探索社会化服务组织,引导家庭农场规范化经营,提高其可持续发展能力。

【Objective】The influencing factors led to operation expansion desicion made by family farmers in hilly areas in Chongqing were analyzed in order to provide theoretical references for formulating family farm development policies in hilly areas.【Method】Two element selection Logit model on operation expansion of family farmers was constructed based on 268 samples surveyed in Chongqing.The influencing factors led to operation expansion desicion made by family farmers were studied by quantitative analysis.【Result】Among the personal characteristics,education level had a significant positive impact on family farmers dicision to expand operation(P<0.05,the same below),but age had inhibitory effects on operation expansion.Among the family characteristics,education level of children had extremely significant positive effects on operation expansion(P<0.01,the same below),but degree of family financial difficulty and labor cost had extremely significant inhibitory effects and significant inhibitory effects respectively.Among the social environment,degree of agricultural service organization,policy subsidy,ecological environment protection and agricultural insurance consciousness had extremely significant positive impact on operation expansion.【Suggestion】Following suggestions are proposed in order to promote the sustainable development of family farmers:innovating vocational training model for family farmers,adopting the model of“one point and two lines,dividing the whole procedure into sections”to improve professional literacy;changing the current pattern and structure,attaching great importance to ecological management,transform the production mode of family farms,construc-ting the system of production safety and credit for agricultural products to guide the quality development of family farm;establishing and improving the subsidy policies to reduce financing cost;raising awareness of agricultural insurance to reduce production risk;exploring the socialized service organization to guide the standadized operation of fmily farms.