失匹配负波(MMN)对听觉中枢言语识别功能的评估

Evaluation of Central Auditory Speech Recognition Function by Mismatch Negativity(MMN)

言语识别功能往往受到各种神经因素或脑部疾病等的影响,事件相关电位ERP是与特定事件在时间上具有锁相性的脑反应,是分析大脑感知和听觉辨别信息的窗口,反应了认知过程中大脑神经电生理活动改变。目前已提取出的成分有慢反应P1-N1-P2、N2b-P3b及N400等。其中MMN是一种内源性事件相关电位ERP成分,反应大脑对信息的自动加工过程,以无需患者主动参与,在无意识的情况下被测定的特点越来越广泛被应用于临床。失匹配负波(MMN)已被用作研究涉及听觉识别等领域中的工具。对于许多疾病,与对照组相比,MMN幅度基本都会显示减弱和(或)潜伏期延长。这个发现,虽然MMN不能作为任何特定疾病的特异性指标,但MMN可能有助于理解涉及中枢听觉言语障碍的一些疾病的识别因素,并且可以作为预知这些疾病风险的潜在指标。

Speech recognition functions are often affected by various neurological factors,brain diseases and other conditions.Event-related potential(ERP)is a brain response with phase-locked time specific events.It is a window for studying cerebral cognition and auditory information recognition,reflecting changes in electrophysiological activities of the brain during cognitive processes.At present,components such as slow reaction P1-N1-P2,Mismatch Negativity(MMN),N2b-P3b and N400 can be extracted from ERP.MMN is an endogenous ERP component that reflects the brain's automatic processing of information,with the fact that it does not require the patient to take the initiative to participate,can be measured in an unconscious situation and is gaining increasingly wide use in the clinic.MMN has been used as tools for studying obstacles in areas such as auditory recognition.In many diseases conditions,compared with the normal control,MMN displays substantially reduced amplitudes and/or delayed latencies.While this general finding suggests that MMN cannot be used as a specific indicator of any particular disease,it may still help understand telltale signs of certain diseases involving central auditory speech disorders and may serve as a potential indicator of the risk of these diseases.