工作重塑对员工创造性绩效的影响——一个有调节的双中介模型

The Influential Mechanism of Employees' Job Crafting on Creative Performance:A Moderated Double-Mediation Model

本文采用多元评价方法和在两个时点上对来自北京七家高科技公司250名员工进行了数据收集和分析,探索了工作重塑对员工创造性绩效影响的中介效应和边界条件。研究结果发现:(1)员工工作重塑对积极情绪、工作意义和创造性绩效均有正向影响;(2)积极情绪和工作意义在员工工作重塑与创造性绩效之间起着并列的双重中介作用,它们共同部分地中介了员工工作重塑对创造性绩效的正向关系;(3)包容型领导发挥了正向的调节中介作用,即包容型领导水平越高,积极情绪和工作意义在员工工作重塑与创造性绩效之间的中介作用越大,反之越小。

Work has important implications for people s life and psychological health as work can provide resources to survive,access to relational connections,and the experience of control over one s life.Work that is experienced as motivating and meaningful by employees is found to not only contribute to individuals well-being,but also contribute to the organization s efficiency.As the complexity and uncertainty of organization and working environment is intensified,the difficulty for organization to design reasonable and desirable job for employees is greatly increased.Changes in the way work is structured and performed nowadays call for workers who take agency in forming their jobs and changing their own job characteristics.This process of employees initiating to craft their job contents,working procedures and relationship with others has been referred to as job crafting.Job crafting can exist next to top-down approaches to improve jobs in order to overcome the inadequacies of job redesign approaches,to respond to the complexity of contemporary jobs,and to deal with the needs of the current workforce.Because of this,job crafting has got a lot of attention and theoretical research on job crafting got a huge increase especially in recent five years.However,there are several research questions that deserve attention.Based on the theoretical literatures and managerially practical implication,this study proposes the following research questions:how is employees job crafting related to their creative performance?What s the mediating and moderating mechanism in it?The positive result for organization brought by job crafting is partly from the benefits brought by job crafting for person?This study explores the mediating effects and boundary condition of employees job crafting on their creative performance to explore the questions by collecting and analyzing the sample from 250 employees in 7 high-tech companies in Beijing with multi-sources and time-lagged techniques in two points.The results in this study show:(1)after controlling the demographic variables,employee s job crafting positively predicts their positive emotion,meaningful work and creative performance;(2)positive emotion and meaningful work have a multiple-mediate role in the relationship between employee s job crafting and creative performance;(3)Inclusive leadership positively moderates the mediate effects of positive emotion and meaningful work between employee s job crafting and their creative performance.Finally,this article discusses the conclusion of the study,summarizes the theoretical and practical contributions,and proposes the limitations in this study and several prospects about research in the future.Overall,the results of the study not only deepen the cognition of the academic field to the effect of job crafting on creative performance,and confirm that the inclusive leadership is one of the most important contextual factors during the effect processing of employee s job crafting,but also further reveal how job crafting brings win-win outcomes for individual and organization.This study enriches the literature of job crafting and Inclusive leadership effectiveness.At the same time,this study also provides an important reference for the manager s management practice about how to improve the mental health and creative performance of employees from the perspective of leading the staff to craft their jobs.