笼养白冠长尾雉(Syrmaticus reevesii)夏秋季节行为节律研究

Behavioral of Captive Reeves's Pheasant( Syrmaticus reevesii) During Summer and Autumn

2016年的夏季6月和秋季10月采用瞬时扫描法对湖南省野生动物救护繁育中心笼养的4只白冠长尾雉(Syrmaticus reevesii)的行为节律开展研究,其中6月观测期间处于笼养白冠长尾雉繁殖期,与10月的非繁殖时期正好做出对比。研究共记录白冠长尾雉5类14种行为,在夏季和秋季,运动类行为均是5类行为中行为频次百分比最高的(夏季18.8%～59.8%,秋季30.8%～42.2%)。由于适应了笼舍及人类活动,警觉类行为的百分比相对偏低(夏季10.2%～17.1%,秋季5.2%～10.4%),在繁殖后期的夏季中略高于秋季。另外,笼养白冠长尾雉的取食策略与野生个体相比亦出现了不同,生存在人工补给的笼舍中,其能量的补充比较便利,所以在取食行为上,频次的百分比排列在5类行为的中等水平(夏季4.2%～26.4%,秋季12.9%～26.0%)。通过笼养白冠长尾雉的行为节律研究,可为物种的保护和繁育提供科学依据,反映存在的问题,提出保护建议,对白冠长尾雉的物种发展壮大有重要意义。

During June and October 2016 we recorded behaviors of four captive reeves s pheasant(Syrmaticus reevesii)using instantaneous scanning in Hunan Wild Animal Rescue and Breeding Center.The observation period in June was in the period of reproduction,and that in October was non-breeding period.Fourteen behaviors grouped in 5 categories were observed,frequency of exercise was the highest in the 5 categories both in summer(18.8%-59.8%)and autumn(30.8%-42.2%).Because the birds were adapted to cages and human disturbance,frequency of vigilance was low(10.2%-17.1%in summer,and 5.2%-10.4%in autumn).Vigilance was more frequent during the later period of the breeding season in summer but did no match that of wild pheasants.Feeding patterns differed between captive and wild pheasants.Captive birds were fed in contrast to wild birds that foraged for themselves and therefore spent more time on feeding.Frequency of feeding at 4.2%-26.4%in summer and 12.9%-26.0%in autumn ranked at the medium level of 5 categories.The study of behavior of captive reeves s pheasant can provide a scientific basis for protection and breeding.We offer here recommendations for conservation of reeves s pheasant.