非洲狮直肠脱诊治体会

Experience in Diagnosis and Treatment of Rectal Prolapse in African Lion

直肠脱在大型猫科动物发病较少,在非洲狮(Panthera leo)尤为罕见。鄂尔多斯野生动物园1只亚成年非洲狮发生直肠脱,临床检查见直肠经肛门向外翻转脱出,外形呈筒状。经碘酒和75%酒精局部消毒后,在倒提保定情况下,直肠灌注石蜡油排除宿便,用30℃左右温水、0.9%的氯化钠溶液彻底清洗脱出的肠管,垫消毒脱脂棉,用拇指轻轻在直肠部位按揉3 min,小心地将脱出的肠管送回原位,并涂抹红霉素软膏和青霉素粉,然后在距肛门孔1～3 cm处,荷包式缝合,留约2指开口以便排出粪便。术后禁食,饮水中添加口服补液盐,3 d后每天饲喂200 g涂有适量酥油的牛肉;每天上下午各1次肌肉注射头孢曲松钠4 g/次,同时肌肉注射复合维生素B 4 mL/次,每日1次。该非洲狮在第6天开始排便,到第9天拆线并停药,1个月后完全恢复。本病例的诱因是动物体弱和便秘,成功治愈主要归因于及时处置和适当的术后护理,以及适当调整日粮结构,预防便秘发生。

Rectal prolapse is relatively rare in big cat,especially in African lion(Panthera leo).However,a sub-adult African lion in Ordos Wildlife Park suffered from rectal prolapse with the rectum flipped outwards and prolapsed from the anus as a cylindrical appearance.After local disinfection by iodine tincture and 75%ethanol,paraffinic oil was filled into the rectum to remove stubborn stool with the hind legs lifted and the head as well as neck fixed,the prolapsed rectum was thoroughly washed with warm water at about 30℃and 0.9%sodium chloride solution,disinfected degreasing cotton was put under,the rectum site was gently pressed with thumb for 3 min,the prolapsed rectum was then carefully put into the original location,after which erythromycin ointment and penicillin powder were applied,purse string suture is conducted from 1-3 cm of the anus and a two-finger-wide opening was left for defecation.Abrosia was implemented after surgery,oral rehydration salts were added to drinking water,and 200 g of beef coated with a moderate amount of ghee was fed every day three days after the surgery.Four grams of ceftriaxone sodium was intramuscularly injected at forenoon and afternoon every day and 4 mL vitamin B complex was intramuscularly injected once a day.The lion started to defecate at the 6 th day,and completely recovered after taking out stitches at the 9 th day after withdrawal of drugs.The causative factors of the case were weakness and constipation.The successful cure attributes to timely treatment,appropriate postoperative care and proper adjustment of diet to prevent constipation.