他者“制造”与家园守护——“老虎外婆”型故事中的儿童教育观

He Who “ Makes”and the Home Guard——“Tiger-grandmother”Type Story of the Children Education View

中国现代儿童观的形成与西方观念,尤其是儿童文学的引入进程相伴随。从20世纪初延续至今,关于儿童观的讨论一直为儿童文学与教育学领域所关注。但是在他们的研究中,大多忽略了民间故事所蕴含的中国传统之于儿童的教育观念。"老虎外婆"型故事在中国普遍性较强,在古代文献已有相关记载。研究者大多将此故事类型与"小红帽"研究视为一体,较少注重对其独特性的阐释。文章通过对44则故事文本的细读,以其中13则为主体,阐述了这一类型故事所反映的中国传统社会从形象到智力上对他者的想象以及"看家护院"的儿童教育题旨。这些恰可为当下儿童教育观念提供有益补充。

The formation of modern children's concept in China is accompanied by the western counterpart,especially the introduction of children's literature.Since the beginning of the 20th century,great attention has been paid to the discussion of children's concept in the field of children's literature and education.However,in the related researches over the past years,the traditional Chinese education concepts of children in most of folk tales have been ignored.The story of“tiger-grandmother”is very popular in China and has been recorded in ancient literature.Most researchers treat this story type and“little red riding hood”as one,with less emphasis on the interpretation of its uniqueness.Based on 44 stories with 13 as the main body,this paper aims to expound the Chinese traditional society reflected by this kind of story from the image to the intelligence of his imagination and the childrens education of“guarding the home”,which serves a useful complement to the concept of education for children today.