乡村治理制度的伦理思考——基于江苏省徐州市JN村的田野调查

Ethical Thoughts on Rural Governance System:An Analysis Based on Fieldwork in JN Village, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province

在当前乡村治理实践中,无论是以"法治"为基础的正式制度,还是以"德治"为核心的非正式制度,都没有在村民自治的基础上实现"德治"与"法治"的相互统一,从而造成法律难以有效回应村民诉求、村规民约无法真正体现乡村实践、村庄宗教沦为封建迷信外衣、小亲族势力不受村庄控制等一系列困境。类似问题的解决,必须充分借助村民自治实践,坚持法治在乡村治理中的主体地位,强化德治对村庄的价值引领,不断促进正式制度与非正式制度相互融合。村民只有在道德规范的约束下,自觉遵守法治制度,进行自我管理、自我教育、自我服务、自我提高,才能够推动乡村治理水平不断提高,保障新时代乡村振兴战略顺利实施。

At present,rural governance has not been accomplished the unity of informal institutions presented as a rule of virtue and formal institutions presented as a rule of law,which poses a series of dilemmas.The solution to these dilemmas is to draw support from the practice of villager autonomy in full use,by which the main position of a rule of law in rural governance can be insisted on,the value of the village by a rule of virtue can be strengthened,formal and informal institutions can be integrated continuously.Villagers have the potential to improve the level of rural governance under the restriction of moral norms as well as laws and regulations.Their self-management,self-education,self-service and self-improvement can ensure a smooth implementation of China’s rural revitalization strategy in a new era.