从“新解释”到价值转形的一般理论

From “The New Interpretation”to a General Interpretation of the Transformation Problem

20世纪80年代以来,围绕价值转形问题的研究和争论,在相当程度上以"新解释"提出的进路为核心。新解释的真正贡献在于回到马克思的立场,以产出而非投入的价值作为转形的出发点。本文继承这一立场,并在下述方面进一步发展了新解释所倡导的进路:第一,利用冯金华提出的实现价值方程,将此进路推广到总产品;第二,强调转形不必局限于均衡条件,在再生产失衡的前提下,同样存在价值转形;第三,结合第二种社会必要劳动的概念,对转形所需服从的总量一致命题做出新阐释。转形不仅是从价值到生产价格的转形,在考虑非均衡和市场价值概念的前提下,也是从第二种含义的市场价值向市场生产价格的转形。

Since the 1980s,“The New Interpretation”has opened up a completely new approach to the longstanding Transformation Problem,and has thus initiated a new kind of controversy.This article seeks to outline that the authentic but usually overlooked contribution of the New Interpretation,resides in returning to Marx s original position,i.e.,in which the starting point of the Transformation is in the output value instead of the input.In this way,this theoretical position is inherited and hence,it is intended to develop the approach adopted by the New Interpretation in the following aspects:Firstly,generalizing the approach to gross output,by using an equation formulated by Professor J.H.Feng.Secondly,laying bare that the price of production is not a long term equilibrium price,and consequently,the Transformation is not confined to the equilibrium conditions,but it is relevant under the conditions of the disequilibrium of reproduction.Thirdly,reinterpreting the two invariance conditions for the Transformation Problem,in combination with the second conception of socially necessary labour.The Transformation,if a perspective of disequilibrium is taken into account,is therefore not only a transformation from value to price of production,but also a transformation from the second conception of market value to market price of production.