藏语的清化鼻音

Voiceless Nasals in Tibetan

藏语三大方言中,康方言及一些康方言和安多方言过渡地区的土语中存在常态鼻音和清化鼻音的对立,清化鼻音的来源是古藏语带s-的鼻音组合sm-、sn-、sn-、sη-。本文从声学特征、鼻腔气流、语音信号等几个方面对藏语常态鼻音、清化鼻音做了实验分析,并对藏语清化鼻音的历史来源及演变特征做了进一步探析。

In the three major Tibetan dialects,distinction of voiced and voiceless nasals exists only in the Kham dialect and some local varieties of the transitional areas of the Kham and Amdo dialects.The voiceless nasals originate from the Old Tibetan consonant clusters of sm-,sn-,sn-and sη-.This paper conducts an experimental analysis on the voiced(modal)and voiceless nasals in Tibetan in terms of their acoustic traits,nasal airflow and speech signals.It also presents a fUrther discussion on the historical origin and characteristics of evolution of the voiceless nasals in Tibetan.