“美国哲学史上的康德”:20世纪西方认识论和形而上学家齐硕姆传略

“Kant of American Philosophy ”:The Twentieth Century Western Epistemologist and Metaphysician Chisholm's Biographical Sketch

美国哲学家齐硕姆是20世纪西方一位重要的分析哲学家,他在认识论和形而上学领域作出了杰出贡献,是20世纪美国认识论研究的领导者,同时在整个西方也有广泛的影响,尤其是其认识论思想,其著作《认识论》在英美哲学界和欧洲大陆都被看作是经典著作,当代的西方认识论家们可以说大多都是汲取齐硕姆的理论营养成长起来的。他在形而上学上也作出了重要贡献,对上世纪西方形而上学的复兴和发展都起了重要作用,是继斯特劳森、奎因等人之后的分析的形而上学家中的一个代表人物。他将布伦塔诺意向性理论的遗产引入到分析哲学上来,从而使意向性理论成为分析哲学传统下的一个重要的研究课题。

American philosopher Chisholm was one of the important western analytical philosopher in the 20th century,who made an outstanding contribution to the field of epistemology and metaphysics.Chisholm is the leader of the epistemology research in the United States in the 20th century,influencing throughout the west,especially his epistemology idea.His work Theory of Knowledge can be said to be a classics in American and British and in continental Europe philosophy circle.Almost all contemporary epistemologists grew up because they absorbed nourishment from Chishom’s epistemology idea.He also made important contributions to the metaphysics and played an important role to the revival and development of western metaphysics in the last century.He was one of the most influential representatives in the analytical metaphysician after Quinn and Peter Strawson and he introduced Brentano’s theory of intentionality to analytical philosophy,making the theory of intentionality become an important research subject in the analysis philosophical tradition.