父母工资收入对小学生非认知技能的影响及其机制的研究

A Study on the Influence and Mechanism of Parental Wages on Children's Non-cognitive Skills

非认知技能对于儿童发展具有重要影响,了解父母的工资状况与儿童非认知技能的关系,有助于更全面、深入地了解非认知技能的形成。本研究基于天津市某区10所小学1740名小学生及其家长的匹配的调查数据,考察父母工资收入与小学生非认知技能发展之间的关系及影响机制。研究发现:1.小学生非认知技能总体水平较高,其中自我管理水平最高,其次分别是负责任的决定、自我认知、关系维护技能、社会认知。2.父母工资收入对儿童非认知技能的发展具有显著影响,主要表现为中等收入家庭学生的非认知技能总分以及各分维度得分均显著高于低收入家庭;并且在控制了其他变量条件下,随着父母工资水平由低至高,对子女非认知技能影响也越大。3.家庭物质教育资源投入、父母参与教育时间与父母养育压力均对学生非认知技能有显著影响,家庭物质教育资源投入越充分,学生的各项非认知技能越高;父母参与教育时间越多,对学生的各项非认知技能的正向影响越显著;父母养育压力越大,学生的非认知技能得分越低。

Based on the survey data of 1740 pupils and their parents in 10 primary schools in one district of Tianjin,this study examines the relationship between parents?salary and the development of non-cognitive skills of pupils,and the mechanism of the effect.The study finds that:1.The overall level of non-cognitive skills of primary school students is high,among which the seli-management level is the highest,followed by responsible decision-making,seli-awareness,relationship skills,and social awareness.2.Parents’salary has a significant effect on the non-cognitive skills of primary school students,3.Family investment of material education resources,parents’involvement and parental stress all have significant effects on students’non-cognitive skills.