提问互动法:语言课堂教师提问的理论与实践

An Interactive Approach to Teacher's Questions: Theories and Practices

提问互动法强调,课堂提问是教师在第二语言教学中需要具备的重要技能,也是衡量语言教师课堂互动能力的重要标准。不同教育领域的实证研究已证实,教师的提问能力越高,课堂的互动效果越好,学生的学习成绩就越高。也就是说,教师提问的有效性与学生的学习效绩有正相关性。本文以新的研究角度,就教师的课堂提问能力进行四方面的讨论:一是将四类语言教师常用的课堂提问整合、扩充为六套基本教师提问;二是讨论如何平衡教师提问的思维复杂度和语言难度;三是提出语言课堂的教师提问具有交际和教学双重功能;四是举例说明如何通过教师提问完成语言课堂的双重任务。

The techniques of teacher’s questions(TQs)are both a key factor to facilitate the second language learning and an important criterion to measure teachers’ability to interact with learners.Previous studies have demonstrated that well-executed teacher’s questions positively correlate teachers’teaching effectiveness with learners’outcomes.Based on these theoretical findings,this article will engage in further discussions on teacher’s questions from the following four aspects.First,four types of frequently-used teacher’s questions are proposed to be integrated and expanded into six sets of basic teacher’s questions for language class interaction.Second,a balance should be maintained in teacher’s questions between cognitive complexity and linguistic difficulty.Third,teacher’s questions in the language class have a dual function,of communication and language teaching.Finally,some examples are provided to show how teacher’s questions can achieve the dual function of the language class.