20世纪末中美航天商业发射的合作与冲突

The Cooperation and Conflict Between China and America in Space Commercial Launch at the End of the 20th Century

20世纪末,中美在航天商业发射领域曾有过短暂的合作。1988年12月,两国签订了卫星发射备忘录,标志着中国长征火箭正式进入国际商业发射市场。1995~1996年,中国长征火箭遭遇两起发射事故。为了提高长征火箭在国际商业发射市场的竞争力,中国航天系统展开了深层次改革并提高技术,最终在国际商业发射市场占据一席之地。但美国在1999年发布了"考克斯报告",之后美国全面禁止了与中国在航天商业发射领域的合作。

At the end of the 20th century,China and the United States had a brief cooperation in the field of space commercial launch.In December 1988,the two countries signed a satellite launch memo marking the official entry of China’s Long March Rocket into the international commercial launch market.In the year of 1995~1996,China’s Long March Rocket encountered two launch accidents.In order to improve the competitiveness of the Long March Rocket in the international commercial launch market,China’s space system had carried out deep reform and improved technologies,which eventually occupied a place in the international commercial launch market.But the United States issued a“Cox Report”in 1999,and after that the United States completely banned cooperation with China in the field of space commercial launch.