民族主义与政治转型的相互影响——以亚美尼亚为案例的研究

The Mutual Effect between Nationalism and Political Transition: A Study of Armenia

亚美尼亚的政治转型与民族主义有着密切的关系。苏联后期的公开化和自由化改革使得南高加索地区民族关系紧张,政治民主化使尘封的历史矛盾和文化宗教矛盾成为民族精英与大众对话的热点。民族主义对于亚美尼亚政治发展具有正反两个方面的影响。一方面促进了民族国家认同的快速恢复,为国家转型和重建提供了稳定的思想基础;另一方面,民族主义也限制了政治秩序和民主制度的固化,甚至威胁政权的安全。超越历史的民族主义已经成为亚美尼亚实现民主固化、完成政治转型的重要挑战之一。

The political transition in Armenia is closely related with nationalism.The glasnost and liberalization in the late period of the Soviet Union led to the ethnic tension in the south Caucasus region.Due to the democratization,the historical,cultural and religious conflicts became the hot spots in the dialogue of the elites and the public.Nationalism has both positive and negative effects upon the political development in Armenia.It on one hand promotes the recovery of national identity and provides the ideological basis for nation building and transition.On the other hand,the nationalism curb the consolidation of democracy and political order,and even pose a threat to the regime security.The nationalism beyond the history has become a major challenge to the completion of democratic consolidation and political transition.