作为“第三条道路”的俄国根基派刍议——以费·陀思妥耶夫斯基为中心

Discussion of the Russian Fundamentalism as the “Third Way ”: Focusing on Fyodor Dostoevsky

有别于同时代的斯拉夫派的和西方派,俄国根基派是独特的"第三条道路",它在另两派思想中吸收合理的因素为己所用,批判其中它认为不适合俄国国情的主张与倾向。以作家兼思想家陀思妥耶夫斯基的创作为中心,可以清晰地梳理根基派的产生背景与内部构成,分析俄国根基派作为"第三条道路"对彼得大帝功过、"人民性"问题和农村村社问题的看法,甄别它与斯拉夫派和西方派的异同,达到考察俄国根基派整体的思想立场、代表人物和历史意义的目的。

Unlike the contemporaneous Slavic and Western factions,the Russian fundamentalism is a unique“third way”.It absorbs reasonable factors from those two schools of thought for its own use,and criticizes their claims and tendencies that are unsuitable for Russia’s national conditions.Focusing on the writer and thinker,Dostoevsky’s creation,we can clearly sort out the background and internal structure of the fundamentalism.Through analyzing the views of the Russian fundamentalism on the merits of Peter the Great,the question of affinity with the masses,rural communal system,and the difference between it and the other two factions,we can also inspect fundamentalism’s overall ideological stand,representative figures,and historical significance.